Weekly Homework |
November 23 - 25 |
| Monday |
Listen to homework hotline.696-5020. Check grades on line.
Diversity, Adaptation and Behavior Presentations start today. Remember what this project is about......
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The content of this assignment is part of the 8th grade State standards for science. This is a very important aspect to our study of biology. Background information may be found in your 1-12 notes. Students may research any of the following from the plant or animal kingdom.
Possible topics to research and present;
1) Microevolution examples that can be seen today. (Changes in gene-pool)
2) Mini-biography on Charles Darwin, featuring his most notable work
3) Beak adaptations of Galapagos Finches
4) Extinct Species and Natural Selection? How or why might natural selection have lead to the extinction of some species? Give specific examples.
5) Artificial Selection of Plants: What type? Uses of them?
6) Artificial Selection of Animals: Focus on ONE animal: Describe the traits that are bred for/engineered/selected for and why.
7) Learned behavior: Discuss, using stimulus, response, and conditioning (psychology terms) to analyze the behavior.
8) Classical Conditioning: Connection made between 2 different stimuli (Pavlov¡¦s dog: Bell rang/food association„³ drool).
9) Operant Conditioning: Animal behavior response is through either getting punishment or reward (Skinner Box)
10) Animal Cognition: Describe an animal and specific behaviors that suggest thinking.
11) Migrations: Describe Species, where it migrates, how it migrates, and why.
12) Foraging Behavior: Describe the foraging behavior of a specific predator. Pay close attention to prey sizes: too small = not enough energy. Too big = too much energy to deal with it.
13) Effect of predators on predatory behavior: How does the presence of another predator affect the predation of a smaller predator?
14) Territorial Behavior: Describe species, how much territory, how it defends or marks it. Why/how does this help this species survive (consider competition, resources)? Seasonal fluctuation?
15) What are some connections between predation and natural selection? Give specific examples of species.
16) Colorations of species (this presentation needs to be VERY visual): Discuss cryptic coloration (to disguise), warning coloration (aposematic), mimicry to fool predators.
17) Adaptations in PLANTS to avoid becoming ¡§prey¡¨. (spines, thorns, tough layers, toxins, etc)
18) Adaptations of predators: Choose/specify ONE area to focus on:
a) teeth shape
b) claw shape/ talon shape
c) poisons
d) speed
19) Contrasting 2 types of Mimicry: Batesian vs. Mullerian. Give specific examples of pairs or groups of species that mimic each other.
20)Symbiotic relationships: Choose one, define the term, and explain giving
numerous examples of either a) parasitism b) commensalism c) mutualism
Presentation requirements;
Select a topic from the list above and research the topic. Focus on a specific plant or animal or group of plants or animals. You may work on this project with your lab partner. No more that two students may work together. (Don¡¦t ask!)
Make a five to ten minute presentation on the topic you have selected. Power point or other visuals must be part of your presentation.
This will be a 100 point test-weighted assignment due the week after Thanksgiving.
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| Tuesday |
Presentations
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| Wednesday |
Presentations |
| Thursday |
No school. Remember your Botany science project is due on Tuesday when we get back. |
| Friday |
No school |
| Coming Assignments |
10/20....Project update due
10/28....Ecology paper due
10/29....Genetic traits assignment due
11/2.....Genetics Quiz
11/4.....Flower Test
11/6.....Teacher for the Day begins
11/12....Test makeup papers due today for genetics quiz and flower test.
11/13....Notebook Inspection
11/20....History of science paper.
11/23....Diversity, Adaptation and Behavior Presentations start today.
12/1.....BOTANY SCIENCE PROJECTS DUE
12/10....Semester Final exam
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| Progress Reports |
A note to parents. This year no paper copies of progress reports will be sent home because grades can be obtained on line. Just look to your left and click on grades. You will need a password. This service is now operational. If you can't get your password to work please call or email me. Parents please get in touch if you have questions about what we are doing in class. |
| Homework Hot Line |
Check out the homework hotline to hear an update of what we are doing. Dial 696-5920 then press 7, then 3, then 3 again. |
| Key words for 2009/2010 |
MATCHING TERMS for 2009/2010 END of YEAR FINAL
1. INERTIA 50. POLLEN CONE
2. CHROMOSOMES 51. SEED CONE
3. 78% 52. ANGIOSPERM
4. O2 53. OCULAR
5. C6H12O6 54. PHLOEM
6. FIBROUS ROOTS 55. POLLEN
7. ANTIPODAL 56. 02 , C6H12O6 AND H2O
8. GUTTATION 57. GYMNOSPERM
9. TRANSPIRATION 58. OVARY
10. ROOT HAIRS 59. CUTICLE
11. ADVATIC 60. MELVIN CALVIN
12. AERIAL ROOTS 61. MONOCOT
13. PISTIL 62. CARBONIC ACID
14. STAMEN 63. SAPIENS
15. PHOTOSYNTHESIS 64. EPICOTYL
16. JOSEPH PRIESTLY 65. ADVENTITIOUS
17. PETIOLE 66. NO VASCULAR CAMBIUM
18. ENZYMES 67. FALSE INTRA-ANNUAL
19. TURGOR PRESSURE 68. BOYLE¡¦S LAW
20. ORGANELLES 69. MATURATION REGION
21. STOMATE 70. INTERCELLULAR SPACE
22. CURRENT 71. ISAAC NEWTON
23. TUBER 72. ARISTOTLE
24. MOMENTUM 73. J.B. VAN HELMOT
25. APICAL MERISTEM 74. ISOTOPE
26. OVULE 75. OXYGEN ISOTOPE
27. PALISADE CELLS 76. THE LIGHT REACTION
28. MERISTIMATIC TISSUE 77. DARK REACTION
29. LENTICIL 78. SPERM
30. TERMINAL BUD 79. ACID RAIN
31. PERENNIAL 80. DENDROCHRONOLOGIST
32. CHLOROPHYLL 81. LEEUEWENNOEK
33. BIANNUAL 82. AMOEBA
34. ANNUAL 83. DANDELIONS
35. TRANSFORMER 84. NICOTINE
36. VASCULAR CAMBIUM 85. VASCULAR PLANTS
37. DICOT 86. SAGUARO
38. RUBEN + KAMEN 87. ENDEMIC SPECIES
39. PROTISTS 88. LINNAEUS
40. DIAPHRAM 89. 130,000
41. CROSS POLLINATION 90. NODE
42. COTYLEDON 91. TAXONOMY
43. HIGH VISCOSITY 92. MASS
44. CONDESENATION 93. EVAPORATION
45. CELL 94. DNA
46. AERODYNAMICS 95. MEIOSIS
47. ALUMINUM 96. GENERATOR
48. VOLTAGE 97. XYLEM
49. SUBLIMATION 98. COPERNICUS
Chemistry Vocabulary
1. What is an atom?
-- the smallest whole piece of an element
-- incredibly small
-- very old -- atoms in our body are as old as those in the pre-historic bones
2. What is an element?
-- composed of one kind of atom
3. What is matter?
-- anything that has mass and volume
4. What is mass?
-- the amount of matter in an object
5. What is volume?
-- the amount of space an object takes up
6. What is a compound?
-- two or more elements that are chemically joined
-- a new substance that is formed
-- compounds have their own unique qualities
7. What is a mixture?
--a material containing 2 or more elements or compounds that
are joined physically, not chemically
-- no new substance is formed
8. What is a solution?
-- a kind of mixture
-- one material dissolved into another
9. What is a suspension?
-- a kind of mixture
-- when materials are mixed together, but not dissolved
-- they can be separated by a filter
10. What is a molecule?
-- the smallest part of a substance that has all of the characteristics of that substance
11. What are the three phases of matter?
-- gas, liquid, and solid
12. What is an alloy?
-- two or more metals that are mixed together
-- i.e. alloy wheels
13. What is the nucleus?
-- the center of an atom
14. What is an electron?
-- moves outside the nucleus
-- in the electron cloud
-- no mass
-- negatively charged
15. What is a proton?
-- found in the nucleus
-- its mass is 2000 times greater than an electron
-- positive electrical charge
16. What does the atomic number represent?
-- the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom
17. What is a neutron?
-- found in the nucleus
-- about the same mass as a proton
-- no electrical charge
18. What does the coefficient represent?
-- the number of molecules in a chemical formula
19. What does a subscript number represent?
-- the number of atoms in a molecule
20. What is an ionic bond?
-- when one atom gives up an electron to another close by atom
-- one is now negative, and the other is positive
-- opposites attract; these bond
21. What is a covalent bond?
-- when two atoms share electrons
-- i.e. rust or H2O
22. What is an energy level in an atom?
-- the pathway the electrons follow around the atom's nucleus
-- the first energy level never has more than two electrons
-- there are never more than seven energy levels
-- the outer energy level is filled when it has eight electrons
23. What is an ion?
-- a positively or negatively charged atom
24. What is a Noble gas?
-- an element that cannot interact with other atoms
-- it has two or eight electrons in its last energy level
25. What is a Chemical reaction?
-- when two substances combine chemically to form something
new
26. What is Atomic Mass?
-- the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus
-- subtract an atoms mass number from the atomic number to
find out how many neutrons it has
27. What are Rare Earth Elements?
-- separated because of space reasons in the periodic table
-- are usually parts of periods 6 and 7
28. What is the Law of Conservation of Mass?
-- no detectable gain or loss of mass occurs in chemical reactions. Mass is conserved
29. Who where Alchemists?
-- scientists who attempted to create gold from other metals
30. What is an Oxidation Number?
-- the number of electrons that an atom gains, loses, or shares
when bonding with another atom
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| Review study guide for comprehensive final 2010 |
Review Questions Final
1. What two elements make up HCl?
2. A measure of mass?
3. What phase of matter has its volume determined by its container?
4. What type of element makes up most of the periodic table?
5. On which side of the periodic table would you find none metals?
6. What has a fixed arrangement of molecules?
7. Kinetic molecular theory states what about all forms of matter?
8. The majority of the sun is made up of what element?
9. Who were the first chemists?
10. Name of family 17?
11. What sub atomic particle has almost no mass?
12. An atom in period one has could never have more then how many electrons?
13. Who is given credit for discovering oxygen?
14. Who gave us the first idea of atoms in 450 B.C.?
15. What happens to electrons in an ionic bond?
16. What is the chemical name for table salt?
17. Name a liquid element?
18. A chemical reaction always produces what?
19. What is a measure of volume?
20. What represents the number of energy levels on the periodic table?
21. What law requires that a chemical formula be balanced?
22. What law says as temperature increases there is also an increase in volume?
23. What did Ferdinand von Zeppelin build that was destroyed in 1937?
24. If the nucleus of an atom were the size of a base ball where would the outside of the electron cloud be found?
25. If an atom has an electric charge it must be a what?
26. Sublimation means a substance goes from what to what?
27. If a liquid pours very slowly you would say it has a high what?
28. A substance that has partials that are not bound to each other and move freely would be a what?
29. Why are rare earth elements separated from the other elements on the periodic table?
30. Give an example of a suspension?
31. What is the name of family two on the periodic table?
32. Elements on either side of the stair step of the periodic table?
33. The chemical symbol for gold?
34. Where do we get the chemical symbols found on the periodic table?
35. What number can never be changed when balancing a chemical formula?
36. What is the most dangerous time in chemistry lab?
37. What is produced when you mix HCl with Zn?
38. The mass of a proton is how many times greater than the mass of an electron?
39. What atom is the only atom with no neutrons?
40. Some chemists believe the atoms in our body came from where? Stars
41. List the families where all the valance electrons are the same in their family? 1,2,13,14,15,16,17,18
42. Who created the periodic table? Demietre Mendeleev
43. What dose the atomic number represent? Protons
44. What family is family 17 most attracted to? 1
45. What year was the first periodic table created? 1869
46. What is the least active family on the periodic table? 18
47. What two clues tell you if something is made of matter? Volume and mass
48. Something made of one kind of matter would be a what? An element
49. Something dissolved in something else? Solution
50. What is a mole? 6.o22 X 1023
51. What is another name chemists use for a mole? Avogadro¡¦s Constant
52. What is a measure of temperature? Kelvin
53. What is a measure of heat? Joule
54. What is a measure of length? Meter
55. What is a measure of volume? Liter
56. Subtract the atomic number from the atomic mass number to get what?
57. What is an isotope? An atom with extra neutrons.
58. What is stoichiometry? Deals with quantities in chemistry
59. What system is used to measure things in chemistry? SI Units or international system of units.
60. What is a heterogeneous substance? A mixture like water and oil.
61. Why does the pressure of a gas increase as the temperature increases?
62. Which is denser, hot water or cold water and why? Cold, because atoms are closer together.
63. What has no definite volume? Gas
64. The can crush lab is an example of what law? Charles Law
65. What do we call the number of electrons an atom gains, loses, or shares in a chemical reaction? Oxidation number
66. Explain what we call a binary compound? Two elements combined.
67. What is dihydrogen monoxide? H2O
68. What atom loses an electron in the ionic bond of sodium chloride? Sodium
69. Shells and HCl form what? CO2
70. Heat and light are given of in what type of reaction? Synthesis
71. A chemical reation that gives off heat.
72. A chemical reaction that lowers temperature.
73. A chemical reaction between two liquid solutions where a solid is produced.
74. State the law of conservation of matter.
75. From our labs, what two questions will an "operational definition" answer?
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| More questions for the final |
1. Electricity flowing past a point over specific time
2. Aspect of electricity comparable to water pressure
3. A substance that can be described as magnetic and made of iron.
4. A material in which electrical charges move freely.
5. A naturally occurring permanent magnet.
6. Reverses direction in a regular pattern of 50 times a second?
7. Steps up or steps down voltage.
8. The compass points north to what magnetic pole of the earth/
9. Lightning reaches temperatures hotter than the surface of what?.
10. It only takes one of these to stop your heart.
11. A temporary magnet created by electricity.
12. Area around a magnet where magnetic force is exerted.
13. Material that is a poor conductor of electricity.
14. The path electrons like to follow.
15. A web of power lines is called a what?
16. Current that flows in only one direction.
17. The percentage of USA hydro electric power.
18. Three magnetic metals.
19. Name the two types of circuits.
20. Father of AC electricity as we know it today.
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| Jet Car Design |
JET CAR CHAMPIONSHIPS
Requirements of the jet car project 4th quarter.
JET CAR CONSTRUCTION REQUIREMENTS.
• Two options for propulsion
• Compressed air
• Propellers
(no direct drive construction is permitted)
• CO2 may be used but you may not carry the cartridges to school at any time.
• CO2 must be firmly mounted to the vehicle.
• Do not tape CO2 cartridge to the vehicle.
• Balloons are an excellent source of compressed air.
• The longer the wheel base the better.
• Remember you must overcome gravity and friction.
• Vehicle should be light weight however CO2 cars often need to be weighted to keep them on the track.
• Due to uneven parts of the test track and the championship track wheels larger than 1 inch are recommended.
• Do not use pine wood derby cars. The wheel base is just too short.
• You may combined propulsion systems.
• Cars should be of your own design and not store bought.
• Cars size should not exceed more than two feet in length. Exceptions need to be approved by your teacher.
• Combustibles may not be used for propulsion.
• Remote control features may only be used for steering the vehicle.
RACEING GUIDLINES
• This IS not a speed race.
• Your objective is to cover a measured distance within a time limit using the third law of motion.
• You may not push or assist your car in any way.
• Any car that goes off the track must go back to the starting line.
• To qualify for the finals and to get an automatic ¡§A¡¨ you must do the following:
• Balloon, propeller or CO2 driven vehicle will qualify on the outdoor basketball courts.
• The car that goes the furthest or covers the distance of the track will represent their class period and Mr. Williams class in the finals.
JET CAR FINALS
• Cars that qualify for the finals will be entered into the ¡§Cross Jet Car Championships¡¨.
• The championships will be held on the outdoor courts.
• Winners will have their car displayed in the front office this spring, then in Mr. Williams¡¦ or Mr. Coder¡¦s classroom forever!
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| Botany Science Project 2009 |
Mr. Williams
8th Grade Science 2009~2010
WHAT: This project will be used to evaluate your understanding of the Scientific Method as well as plant structure and function. It will be valued at 200 points and applied toward your life science final exam grade taken during the second quarter.
WHEN: The following are dates or an approximate time line we will follow in the completion of this project.
September 3.¡K¡K¡K Select a project team of no more than four students. Begin to research the question your team has selected.
September 11...¡K¡KSubmit the project question and research as well as names of team members. Be prepared to state a hypothesis by Friday.
September 15.¡K¡K. Final approval of the project question, hypothesis and team members.
September 16.¡K¡K. Begin project and design experiment.
Sept 21 & Oct 19¡K On each of these dates submit a one-page update per team that explains the progress of the project. Describe any problems that the team has encountered.
December 2...¡K¡K...Project due date. Teams will submit a display of their project a paper that describes the experiment with results and conclusions.
December 2 ¡V 5...¡K.Teams will make an oral presentation of
their project.
HOW: The following are directions that are to be followed in the completion of you Botany Science Project.
• The project question, research and names of team members should be submitted September 11th. This is to be type written paper. Please list all your works cited for you research. Based on your research submit a written hypothesis on September 15th.
• The experiment should be designed with input from each team member. This may require that the team get together outside of class on a number of occasions from September 15th through December 1st.
• The ¡§project updates¡¨ due September 16th and October 19th should be a description of how the project experiment is developing. Does the experiment seem to be a good test of the hypothesis? These updates are to be typed on a single page of paper. Include all team member names.
• On December 2nd each team will bring the completed project to the science classroom. This will include a three fold display of the project that states the question and hypothesis with a description of the steps taken to test your predictions. You may include actual samples of the experiment or photos of your work. Each team will also be required to include on their display the analysis of the data they collected. You will show these results using tables and graphs. Make sure you include the names of each team member.
• Between December 2nd and 5th each team will be required to make a brief oral presentation to the class about their project. At the time of this presentation the team will also submit a paper that explains how each step of the scientific method was followed during the completion of project.
Here is a list of questions that might help suggest science projects related to botany. The details are left to the students to work out. This may help to get students thinking about their projects.
1. Do plants need light to conduct photosynthesis?
2. Do plants grow better with a mix of daylight and darkness, or total daylight?
3. Do plants need fresh air to grow?
4. Do plants need soil to grow?
5. Do plants need fertilizer to grow?
6. Do plants grow faster under certain colors of light?
7. Is natural sunlight, fluorescent light, or incandescent light best for plants?
8. What style of Graphing works best on different plants?
9. What effects root growth?
10. Do sounds effect plant growth?
11. Can plants grow upside down?
12. What are the effects of everyday house products on plant growth?
13. Do plants compete with each other?
14. How do magnets effect plant growth?
15. Which color of light will a plant in a maze seek out?
16. How do earth worms effect plant growth?
17. How will pot size effect plant growth?
18. How will air movement effect plant growth?
19. What effect will microwaves have on seed germination?
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